In uni we always had a verbal defense for our papers. That had 2 benefits: (1) verify that the student actually wrote the paper (plagiarism and ghost writers were a thing before LLMs too), and (2) the prof could test the boundaries of the student’s understanding with additional questioning.
The obvious caveat being the amount of time it takes for the teacher to have a 1-on-1 with each student.
In uni we always had a verbal defense for our papers. That had 2 benefits: (1) verify that the student actually wrote the paper (plagiarism and ghost writers were a thing before LLMs too), and (2) the prof could test the boundaries of the student’s understanding with additional questioning.
The obvious caveat being the amount of time it takes for the teacher to have a 1-on-1 with each student.