It wouldn’t be difficult to write this script as a darktable plugin, but I imagine you’d struggle to convince the maintainers to merge code to allow for searching or categorising based on a custom metadata tag.
I’m less familiar with other programs, but I don’t see any of the proprietary options implementing this.
There are multiple historic weather APIs available (example), it should be pretty trivial to write a script to read the location and time from the EXIF data of your images, call the API, and them dump the info into a list or back into the image metadata.
The freight railroads aren’t good at what they do. It would be much easier to run passenger services (and improve their own operations) if they ran trains that actually fit within their own passing loops, but they desperately want to reduce the number of people they have to pay to run their trains. Both would also benefit from better maintained infrastructure with upgrades such as electrification and more double tracking, but the railroads don’t want to spend any more money than absolutely necessary to keep their (mostly) running.
5mm? The NFC forum themselves list the range as 2cm, I use it frequently and you definitely do not need to be within 5mm.
Should it not be double foldable? It has two folds