Your question said ‘Asia’, but if we are to limit ourselves to one nation such as Taiwan it can still be easily explained by:
If we take the US as a counterexample, aerospace and military draws more scientists and engineers, Taiwan doesn’t have those industries competing with semiconductor design and fabrication for talent.
Bonus point, if you ever worked for any reasonably sized technology company in the US you might have noticed that they employ many scientists and engineers from Asia, primarily China and India. It was most definitely the case for the companies I worked for. It isn’t just about cost. High education is more accessible in those countries, and it shows.
more of a historical anomaly due to various reasons. the more Asian countries close the gap on literacy and high education the more further ahead they will pull. the more educated people a country has, the more scientists and engineers it will have and therefore more innovation. this how it always has been throughout human history.
ps: I wish English had a seprate letter for th in this vs. th in three, Arabic has separate letter for them ذ and ث respectively. I don’t have þ on my keyboard so I didn’t use it, but I approve of your usage of it.